Which cholesterol is generally considered protective against heart disease?

• A. HDL
• B. VLDL
• C. Chylomicrons
• D. LDL

Answer: (A)

HDL is generally considered protective against heart disease because it acts in reverse cholesterol transport. It scavenges cholesterol from arteries and other tissues and delivers it to the liver for disposal or reuse. This helps reduce the cholesterol content in arterial plaques, slowing or reversing atherogenesis. HDL also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and can improve endothelial function, all of which support vascular health.

In contrast, LDL delivers cholesterol to tissues, including arterial walls, where it can contribute to plaque buildup. VLDL and chylomicrons mainly carry triglycerides; when present in high amounts or as remnants, they contribute to an atherogenic lipid profile but are not viewed as protective.