Which nervous system is responsible for rest, digestion, and nutrient absorption?

• A. Sympathetic
• B. Parasympathetic
• C. Central nervous system
• D. Peripheral nervous system

Answer: (B)

The tendency to rest, digest, and absorb nutrients is governed by the parasympathetic side of the autonomic nervous system. This branch is activated during restful states and supports energy conservation, digestion, and nutrient uptake. It stimulates digestive secretions (like saliva and gastric enzymes), increases gut motility to move food through the digestive tract, and directs more blood flow to the digestive organs to aid nutrient absorption. In contrast, the sympathetic branch gears the body toward action, slowing digestion and redirecting resources away from the gut. The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system describe broad parts of the nervous system, but the specific function of promoting digestion and nutrient absorption in a rest-and-repair context is carried by the parasympathetic division.